Stainless steel caps

Stainless steel caps

Stainless steel caps are components used to cover the ends of pipes or tubes made from stainless steel.

Stainless steel caps are usually used for protecting the end of pipe and other fittings, so the shape is disigned according to the shape of pipe line.

Stainless steel caps are designed to fit over the open ends of pipes or tubes. They are typically made from stainless steel, which provides excellent corrosion resistance and durability. Stainless steel caps come in various shapes and sizes to accommodate different pipe dimensions and applications.

Standard ASME B16.9 takes into consideration many variables which then act as a recommendation for the manufacturer of wrought alloy buttwelding fittings produced in a factory such as elbows, caps, crosses, tees, reducers etc. These fittings including the pipe end caps are required to conform to the values such as ratings, testing methods used, overall dimensions, tolerances that are given, as well as markings that need to be on the fitting. Although the pipe ends could be produced with their size ranging anywhere from DN 15 to DN 1200, the size chosen will eventually depend on the requirement of the industry.

Surface treatment

Availability

Stainless steel caps can be found in different forms, such as ANSI/ASME end caps, round end caps, or threaded caps. They are available from suppliers and manufacturers specializing in pipe fittings and stainless steel components. The specific dimensions and specifications of stainless steel caps may vary depending on the application and industry requirements.

Applications

Stainless steel caps are commonly used in various industries, including plumbing, construction, oil and gas, chemical processing, and more. They are used to seal the ends of pipes or tubes to prevent the entry of dirt, debris, or moisture. Stainless steel caps also provide a finished appearance to the pipe ends.

Fond bombé 88.9 noir

Features

Pipe caps fit over or are welded onto the end of a pipe, providing a liquid or gas tight seal.

End Caps are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders.

Pipe caps are widely well-known for the utmost output and outstanding results that it gives.

It is commonly made from the one steel plate, so it should be seamless. The pipe end caps are available in various shapes, like the hemispherical, oval, round etc.

Lifting and handling of a pressure vessel

Lifting and handling of a pressure vessel

ASTM A234/A234M is a standard specification for piping fittings of wrought carbon steel and alloy steel for moderate and high-temperature service. This specification covers several grades of fittings that are used in various applications in the oil and gas, petrochemical, and power generation industries.

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Chemical Composition (%) of ASTM A234/A234M

Grade Type C Si S P Mn Cr Ni Mo Other ób ós δ5
WPB 0.3 0.1min 0.058 0.05 0.29-1.06 0.4 0.4 0.15 V:0.06;Nb:0.02 415-585 240 22 197
WPC 0.35 0.1min 0.058 0.05 0.29-1.06 0.4 0.4 0.15 V:0.06;Nb:0.02 485-655 275 22 197
WP1 0.28 0.1-0.5 0.045 0.045 0.3-0.9 0.44-0.65 380-550 205 22 197
WP12 CL1 0.05-0.2 0.6 0.045 0.045 0.3-0.8 0.8-1.25 0.44-0.65 415-585 220 22 197
WP12 CL2 0.05-0.2 0.6 0.045 0.045 0.3-0.8 0.8-1.25 0.44-0.65 485-655 275 22 197
WP11 CL1 0.05-0.15 0.5-1 0.03 0.03 0.3-0.6 1-1.5 0.44-0.65 415-585 205 22 197
WP11 CL2 0.05-0.2 0.5-1 0.04 0.04 0.3-0.8 1-1.5 0.44-0.65 485-655 275 22 197
WP11 CL3 0.05-0.2 0.5-1 0.04 0.04 0.3-0.8 1-1.5 0.44-0.65 520-690 310 22 197
WP22 CL1 0.05-0.15 0.5 0.04 0.04 0.3-0.6 1.9-2.6 0.87-1.13 415-585 205 22 197
WP22 CL3 0.05-0.15 0.5 0.04 0.04 0.3-0.6 1.9-2.6 0.87-1.13 520-690 310 22 197
WP5 CL1 0.15 0.5 0.03 0.04 0.3-0.6 4-6 0.44-0.65 415-585 205 22 217
WP5 CL3 0.15 0.5 0.03 0.04 0.3-0.6 4-6 0.44-0.65 520-690 310 22 217
WP9 CL1 0.15 1 0.03 0.03 0.3-0.6 8-10 0.9-1.1 415-585 205 22 217
WP9 CL3 0.15 1 0.03 0.03 0.3-0.6 8-10 0.9-1.1 520-690 310 22 217
WPR 0.2 0.05 0.045 0.4-1.06 1.6-2.24 435-605 315 22/28 217
WP91 0.08-0.12 0.2-0.5 0.01 0.02 0.3-0.6 8-9.5 0.4 0.85-1.05 See sdandard 585-760 415 20 248
WP911 0.09-0.13 0.1-0.5 0.01 0.02 0.3-0.6 8.5-10.5 0.4 0.9-1.1 See sdandard 620-840 440 20 248

Notes:

For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified C maximum, an increase of 0.06% Mn above the specified maximum will be permitted, up to a maximum of 1.35%.

The sum of Cu, Ni, Cr, and Mo shall not exceed 1.00%.

The sum of Cr and Mo shall not exceed 0.32%.

The maximum carbon equivalent (C.E.) shall be 0.50, based on heat analysis and the formula C.E.=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15.

Mechanical properties of ASTM A234

Tensile Requirements WPB WPC, WP11CL2 WP11CL1 WP11CL3
Tensile Strength, min, ksi[MPa]
(0.2% offset or 0.5% extension-under-load)
60-85
[415-585]
70-95
[485-655]
60-85
[415-585]
 75-100
[520-690]
Yield Strength, min, ksi[MPa] 32
[240]
40
[275]
30
[205]
45
[310]

ASME / ANSI B16.9 dimension

ASME B16.9 Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances,ratings, testing, and markings for factory-made wrought buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1⁄2 through NPS 48 (DN 15 through DN 1200).

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Nominal Outside Diameter 90° Elbows 45° Elbows 180° Returns
Pipe Size
Long Radius Short Radius Long Radius Long Radius
(inches) (mm) (inches) Center to Face Center to Face Center to Face Radius Center to Center Back to face
(inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches)
1/2 21.3 0.84 1.5 5/8 2 1.875
3/4 26.7 1.05 1.125 7/16 2.25 1.6875
1 33.4 1.315 1.5 1 7/8 3 2.1875
1.25 42.2 1.66 1.875 1.25 1 3.75 2.75
1.5 48.3 1.9 2.25 1.5 1.125 3 4.5 3.25
2 60.3 2.375 3 2 1.375 4 6 4.1875
2.5 73 2.875 3.75 2.5 1.75 5 7.5 5.1875
3 88.9 3.5 4.5 3 2 6 9 6.25
3.5 101.6 4 5.25 3.5 2.25 7 10.5 7.25
4 114.3 4.5 6 4 2.5 8 12 8.25
5 141.3 5.563 7.5 5 3.125 10 15 10.3125
6 168.3 6.625 9 6 3.75 12 18 12.3125
8 219.1 8.625 12 8 5 12 24 16.3125
10 273.1 10.75 15 10 6.25 15 30 20.375
12 323.9 12.75 18 12 7.5 18 36 24.375

Tolerances of Welded Fittings

NOMINAL PIPE SIZE NPS ANGULARITY TOLERANCES ANGULARITY TOLERANCES
Size Off Angle Q Off Plane P
½ to 4 0.03 0.06
5 to 8 0.06 0.12
10 to 12 0.09 0.19
14 to 16 0.09 0.25
18 to 24 0.12 0.38
26 to 30 0.19 0.38
32 to 42 0.19 0.5
44 to 48 0.18 0.75

All dimensions are given in inches. Tolerances are equal plus and minus except as noted.

  1. Out-of-round is the sum of absolute values of plus and minus tolerance.
  2. This tolerance may not apply in localized areas of formed fittings where increased wall thickness is required to meet design requirements of ASME B16.9.
  3. The inside diameter and the nominal wall thicknesses at ends are to be specified by the purchaser.
  4. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, these tolerances apply to the nominal inside diameter, which equals the difference between the nominal outside diameter and twice the nominal wall thickness.

The ASME B16.9 pipe fittings can be used under the jurisdiction of the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) as well as the ASME Code for pressure piping. Referencing pressure ratings of flanges per ASME B16.5, they can be designated as Classes 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500. The allowable pressure ratings for ASME B16.9 pipe fittings may be calculated as for straight seamless pipe of equivalent material in accordance with the rules established in the applicable sections of ASME B31 Code for pressure piping.

Design of Fittings

The design of butt welding pipe fittings made to ASME B16.9 shall be established by one of the following methods: (a) mathematical analyses contained in pressure vessel or piping codes; (b) proof testing; (c) experimental stress analysis with hydrostatic testing to validate experimental results; (d) detailed stress analysis with results evaluation.

Standard Marking

Generally, ASME B16.9 pipe fittings shall be marked to show the following details: “trademark + material grade + wall thickness + size + heat number”. For example, “M ASTM A234 WP5 SCH80 6″ 385“. When steel stamps are used, care shall be taken so that
the marking is not deep enough or sharp enough to cause cracks or to reduce the wall thickness of the fitting below the minimum allowed.

Material & Manufacture

The ASME B16.9 fittings may be made from an extensive range of mateirals covering (1) carbon and low-alloy steels in accordance with ASTM A234 and ASTM A420; (2) austenitic and duplex stainless steels in accordance with ASTM A403 and ASTM A815; (3) nickel alloys in accordance with ASTM B366; (4) aluminum alloys in accordance with ASTM B361; and (5) titanium alloys in accordance with ASTM B363.

ASME B16.9

Pipe Fittings Dimensions Tolerance as per ASME B16.9:

Sizes 1/2″ – 48″

  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Elbow – Long Radius
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Elbow – Short Radius
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Reducing Elbow
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld 45° Elbow
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Fabricated Tee
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Reducer
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Concentric Reducer
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Eccentric Reducer
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld 3D Elbow
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Stub Ends
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Cross
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Reducing Cross
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Tees
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld End Cap
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Coupling
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Pipe Nipple
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld 5D Elbow
  • ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Welded Pipe Fittings

Size

End cap is commonly made from the one steel plate, so it should be seamless. The pipe end caps are available in various shapes, like the hemispherical, oval, round etc.

Out diameter High size Wall thickness accord to 'E'
DN NPS E E1 E
15 1/2 25 25 3.73
20 3/4 25 25 3.91
25 1 38 38 4.55
32 1 1/4 38 38 4.85
40 1 1/2 38 38 5.08
50 2 38 44 5.54
65 2 1/2 38 51 7.01
80 3 51 64 7.62
90 3 1/2 64 76 8.08
100 4 64 76 8.56
125 5 76 89 9.53
150 6 89 102 10.97
200 8 102 127 12.7
250 10 127 152 12.7
300 12 152 178 12.7
350 14 165 191 12.7
400 16 178 203 12.7
450 18 203 229 12.7
500 20 229 254 12.7
550 22 254 254 12.7
600 24 267 305 12.7
650 26 267
700 28 267
750 30 267
800 32 267
850 34 267
900 36 267
950 38 305
1000 40 305
1050 42 305
1100 44 343
1150 46 343
1200 48 343

Size range: 1/2 to 56 inches (DN15 to DN1400)

Pressure: SCH5 to SCH160v

Wall Thickness:sch10, sch20, sch30, std, sch40, sch60, xs, sch80, sch100, sch120, sch140, sch160, xxs, sch5s, sch20s, sch40s, sch80s

Max. wall thickness: 200mm

Size range of A234 WPB large diameter eipe cap

OD ND INCH SCH20 SCH40 SCH80 STD XS
Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight
88.9 80 3 0.66 0.92 0.66 0.92
114.3 100 4 1.17 1.67 1.17 1.67
141.3 125 5 1.91 2.78 1.91 2.78
168.3 150 6 2.9 4.47 2.9 4.47
219.1 200 8 4.09 5.19 8.05 5.19 8.05
273 250 10 6.36 9.15 12.5 9.15 12.5
323.8 300 12 9.08 14.4 26.8 13.2 17.3
355.6 350 14 13.2 18.8 34.5 15.9 20.4
406.4 400 16 16.8 26.7 47.7 20.4 26.3
457.2 450 18 24.8 41.8 67.7 25.9 33.6
508 500 20 32.2 54.9 91.3 32.2 42.7
558.8 550 22 37.7 49.9
609.6 600 24 46.3 93.1 155 46.3 59.5

Based on different materials, pipe caps include carbon steel cap, stainless steel cap, and alloy steel cap etc.

Depending on their construction, pipe caps contain threaded cap, tapered cap and anti-roll cap etc.

End Caps DIN 2617 dimensions standard

DIN 2617 cap dimensions
Outside diameter
mm
Wall thickness
mm
Height
mm
Weight
kg
D s1
21,3 2,0 25,0 0,060
26,9 2,3 32,0 0,070
33,7 2,6 38,0 0,110
3,2 0,130
42,4 2,6 38,0 0,130
3,6 0,170
48,3 2,6 38,0 0,200
4,0 0,230
60,3 2,9 38,0 0,280
4,5 0,320
76,1 2,9 38,0 0,340
5,0 0,390
88,9 3,2 51,0 0,530
5,6 0,700
108,0 3,6 64,0 1,000
114,3 3,6 64,0 1,000
6,3 1,500
133,0 4,0 76,0 1,600
139,7 4,0 76,0 1,700
6,3 2,500
159,0 4,5 90,0 2,400
168,3 4,5 89,0 2,650
7,1 3,550
219,0 6,3 100,0 5,550
8,0 6,700
273,0 6,3 127,0 8,800
323,9 7,1 152,0 14,000
355,6 8,0 165,0 16,500
406,4 8,8 178,0 18,200
508,0 11,0 229,0 38,000

DIN 28011 pipe end cap dimensions

DIN 28011 cap dimensions

ISO - dimensions

dimensions d1 x s height L weight / kg
21,3 x 2,0 9,0 0,01
26,9 x 2,0 9,0 0,01
33,7 x 2,0 13,0 0,02
42,4 x 2,0 13,0 0,04
48,3 x 2,0 13,5 0,05
60,3 x 2,0 18,5 0,07
76,1 x 2,0 20,5 0,10
88,9 x 2,0 25,0 0,15
114,3 x 2,0 28,0 0,26
114,3 x 3,0 29,0 0,39
139,7 x 3,0 38,5 0,60
168,3 x 3,0 47,5 0,90
219,1 x 3,0 63,5 1,32
273,0 x 3,0 93,0 1,95
323,9 x 3,0 102,0 2,70
355,6 x 3,0 109,0 3,80
406,4 x 3,0 123,0 5,00
457,2 x 3,0 123,0 6,10
508,0 x 3,0 133,0 7,60

Metric dimensions

dimensions d1 x s height L weight / kg
20,0 x 2,0 9,0 0,02
25,0 x 2,0 9,0 0,03
30,0 x 2,0 13,5 0,03
35,0 x 2,0 13,5 0,04
44,0 x 2,0 15,0 0,04
54,0 x 2,0 15,0 0,05
70,0 x 2,0 19,5 0,07
84,0 x 2,0 24,0 0,15
104,0 x 2,0 28,0 0,20
129,0 x 2,0 37,0 0,36
154,0 x 2,0 43,0 0,50
156,0 x 3,0 44,0 0,94
204,0 x 2,0 62,0 0,80
206,0 x 3,0 63,0 1,20
254,0 x 2,0 72,0 1,30
256,0 x 3,0 73,0 1,95
306,0 x 3,0 83,0 2,50

Cap geometry

Out diameter High size Wall thickness accord to 'E'
DN NPS E E1 E
15 1/2 25 25 3.73
20 3/4 25 25 3.91
25 1 38 38 4.55
32 1 1/4 38 38 4.85
40 1 1/2 38 38 5.08
50 2 38 44 5.54
65 2 1/2 38 51 7.01
80 3 51 64 7.62
90 3 1/2 64 76 8.08
100 4 64 76 8.56
125 5 76 89 9.53
150 6 89 102 10.97
200 8 102 127 12.7
250 10 127 152 12.7
300 12 152 178 12.7
350 14 165 191 12.7
400 16 178 203 12.7
450 18 203 229 12.7
500 20 229 254 12.7
550 22 254 254 12.7
600 24 267 305 12.7
650 26 267
700 28 267
750 30 267
800 32 267
850 34 267
900 36 267
950 38 305
1000 40 305
1050 42 305
1100 44 343
1150 46 343
1200 48 343

Theoretical weight of cap fittings

D(inch) DN OD SCH5s SCH10s SCH10 SCH20 SCH30 SCH40s STD SCH40
1/8" 6 10.3 - 1.24 1.73 1.73 1.73
1/4" 8 13.7 - 1.65 - - - 2.24 2.24 2.24
3/8" 10 17.1 - 1.65 - - - 2.31 2.31 2.31
1/2" 15 21.3 1.65 2.11 - - - 2.77 2.77 2.77
3/4" 20 26.7 1.65 2.11 - - - 2.87 2.87 2.87
1" 25 33.4 1.65 2.77 - - - 3.38 3.38 3.38
11/4" 32 42.2 1.65 2.77 - - - 3.56 3.56 3.56
11/2" 40 48.3 1.65 2.77 - - - 3.68 3.68 3.68
2" 50 60.3 1.65 2.77 - - - 3.91 3.91 3.91
21/2" 65 73 2.11 3.05 - - - 5.16 5.16 5.16
3" 80 88.9 2.11 3.05 - - - 5.49 5.49 5.49
31/2" 90 101.6 2.11 3.05 - - - 5.74 5.74 5.74
4" 100 114.3 2.11 3.05 - - - 6.02 6.02 6.02
5" 125 141.3 2.77 3.4 - - - 6.55 6.55 6.55
6" 150 168.3 2.77 3.4 - - - 7.11 7.11 7.11
8" 200 219.1 2.77 3.76 - 6.35 7.04 8.18 8.18 8.18
10" 250 273.1 3.4 4.19 - 6.35 7.8 9.27 9.27 9.27
12" 300 323.9 3.96 4.57 - 6.35 8.83 9.53 9.53 10.31
14" 350 355.6 3.96 4.78 6.35 7.92 9.53 - 9.53 11.13
16" 400 406.4 4.19 4.78 6.35 7.92 9.53 - 9.53 12.7
18" 450 457.2 4.19 4.78 6.35 7.92 11.13 - 9.53 14.27
20" 500 508 4.78 5.54 6.35 9.53 12.7 - 9.53 15.09
22" 550 558.8 4.78 5.54 6.35 9.53 12.7 - 9.53
24" 600 609.6 5.54 6.35 6.35 9.53 14.27 - 9.53 17.48
26" 650 660.4 - - 7.92 12.7 - - 9.53 -
28" 700 711.2 - - 7.92 12.7 15.88 - 9.53 -
30" 750 762 6.35 7.92 7.92 12.7 15.88 - 9.53 -
32" 800 812.8 - - 7.92 12.7 15.88 - 9.53 17.48
34" 850 863.6 - - 7.92 12.7 15.88 - 9.53 17.48
36" 900 914.4 - - 7.92 12.7 15.88 - 9.53 19.05
38" 950 965.2 - - - - - - 9.53 -
40" 1000 1016 - - - - - - 9.53 -
42" 1050 1066.8 - - - - - - 9.53 -
44" 1100 1117.6 - - - - - - 9.53 -
46" 1150 1168.4 - - - - - - 9.53 -
48" 1200 1219.2 - - - - - - 9.53 -
Standard Standard

Standard

Pipe fitting dimensions are in either metric or Standard English.

Because pipe fitting covers Pipe Fitting Dimensions several aspects, only the most common pipe fitting sizes can be given here. The most applied version is the 90° long radius and the 45° elbow, while the 90° short radius elbow is applied if there is too little space. The function of a 180° elbow is to change direction of flow through 180°. Both, the LR and the SR types have a center to center dimension double the matching 90° elbows. These fittings will generally be used in furnesses or other heating or cooling units.

Some of the standards that apply to buttwelded fittings are listed below. Many organizations such as ASME, ASTM, ISO, MSS, etc. have very well developed standards and specifications for buttwelded fittings. It is always up to the designer to ensure that they are following the applicable standard and company specification, if available, during the design process.

Some widely used pipe fitting standards are as follows:

ASME: American Society for Mechanical Engineers
This is one of the reputed organizations in the world developing codes and standards.
The schedule number for pipe fitting starts from ASME/ANSI B16. The various classifications of ASME/ANSI B16 standards for different pipe fittings are as follows:

ASTM International: American Society for Testing and Materials
This is one of the largest voluntary standards development organizations in the world. It was originally known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

AWWA: American Water Works Association

AWWA About – Established in 1881, the American Water Works Association is the largest nonprofit, scientific and educational association dedicated to managing and treating water, the world’s most important resource.

ANSI: The American National Standards Institute

ANSI is a private, non-profit organization. Its main function is to administer and coordinate the U.S. voluntary standardization and conformity assessment system. It provides a forum for development of American national standards. ANSI assigns “schedule numbers”. These numbers classify wall thicknesses for different pressure uses.

MSS STANDARDS: Manufacturers Standardization Society
The Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) of the Valve and Fittings Industry is a non-profit technical association organized for development and improvement of industry, national and international codes and standards for: Valves, Valve Actuators, Valve Modification, Pipe Fittings, Pipe Hangers, Pipe Supports, Flanges and Associated Seals

Difference between “Standard” and “Codes”:

Piping codes imply the requirements of design, fabrication, use of materials, tests and inspection of various pipe and piping system. It has a limited jurisdiction defined by the code. On the other hand, piping standards imply application design and construction rules and requirements for pipe fittings like adapters, flanges, sleeves, elbows, union, tees, valves etc. Like a code, it also has a limited scope defined by the standard.

Factors affecting standards: “Standards” on pipe fittings are based on certain factors like as follows:

BSP: British Standard Pipe

BSP is the U.K. standard for pipe fittings. This refers to a family of standard screw thread types for interconnecting and sealing pipe ends by mating an external (male) with an internal (female) thread. This has been adopted internationally. It is also known as British Standard Pipe Taper threads (BSPT )or British Standard Pipe Parallel (Straight) threads (BSPP ). While the BSPT achieves pressure tight joints by the threads alone, the BSPP requires a sealing ring.

JIS: Japanese Industrial Standards

This is the Japanese industrial standards or the standards used for industrial activities in Japan for pipe, tube and fittings and published through Japanese Standards Associations.

NPT: National Pipe Thread

National Pipe Thread is a U.S. standard straight (NPS) threads or for tapered (NPT) threads. This is the most popular US standard for pipe fittings. NPT fittings are based on the internal diameter (ID) of the pipe fitting.

BOLTS & NUTS

We are manufacturer of Flange bolts & Nuts and supply high quality

AN: Here, “A” stands for Army and “N” stands for Navy

The AN standard was originally designed for the U.S. Military. Whenever, a pipe fitting is AN fittings, it means that the fittings are measured on the outside diameter of the fittings, that is, in 1/16 inch increments.

For example, an AN 4 fitting means a fitting with an external diameter of approximately 4/16″ or ¼”. It is to be noted that approximation is important because AN external diameter is not a direct fit with an equivalent NPT thread.

Dash (-) size

Dash size is the standard used to refer to the inside diameter of a hose. This indicates the size by a two digit number which represents the relative ID in sixteenths of an inch. This is also used interchangeably with AN fittings. For example, a Dash “8” fitting means an AN 8 fitting.

ISO: International Organization for Standardization

ISO is the industrial pipe, tube and fittings standards and specifications from the International Organization for Standardization. ISO standards are numbered. They have format as follows:

“ISO[/IEC] [IS] nnnnn[:yyyy] Title” where

General standard

Standard Specification
ASTM A234 Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
ASTM A420 Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service
ASTM A234 WPB ASTM A234 WPB refers to a specific grade of carbon steel pipe fittings, which are widely used in pressure piping and pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures.
ASME B16.9 ASME B16.9 Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances,ratings, testing, and markings for factory-made wrought buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1⁄2 through NPS 48 (DN 15 through DN 1200).
ASME B16.28 ASME B16.28 Standard covers ratings, overall dimensions, testing, tolerances, and markings for wrought carbon and alloy steel buttwelding short radius elbows and returns.
MSS SP-97 MSS SP-97 Standard Practice covers essential dimensions, finish, tolerances, testing, marking, material, and minimum strength requirements for 90 degree integrally reinforced forged branch outlet fittings of buttwelding, socket welding, and threaded types.
ASTM A403 Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings.

Wide variety for all areas of application

DIN EN ASME
St 35.8 I
St 35.8 III
15 Mo 3
13 CrMo 4 4
10 CrMo 9 10
St 35 N
St 52.0
St 52.4
P235GH-TC1
P235GH-TC2
16Mo3
13CrMo4-5
10CrMo9-10
X10CrMoVNb9-1
P215NL
P265NL
L360NB
L360NE
P355N
P355NL1
P355NH
WPB
WPL6
WPL3
WPHY 52
WP11
WP22
WP5
WP9
WP91
WP92

Delivery

Inspection

Visual Inspection is conducted on fittings to check any surface imperfections. Both fittings body and weld are checked for any visible surface imperfections such as dents, die marks, porosity, undercuts, etc. Acceptance as per applicable standard.

ASTM A234 WPB eccentric reducers
ASTM A234 WPB eccentric reducers
ASTM A234 WPB eccentric reducers
ASTM A234 WPB eccentric reducers
ASTM A234 WPB eccentric reducers
ASTM A234 WPB eccentric reducers
ASTM A234 WPB eccentric reducers
ASTM A234 WPB eccentric reducers
ASTM A234 WPB eccentric reducers

Packing

For packing of carbon steel flanges with painting,we would use the bubble wrap to protect the painting.For flanges without painting or oiled with long-term shipment,we would suggest client to use the anti-tarnish paper and plastic bag to prevent the rust.

【H】 Ceramic lined pipe

Ceramic lined pipe is made through self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique.

【H】 Cast basalt lined steel pipe

Cast basalt lined steel pipe is composed by lined with cast basalt pipe, outside steel pipe and cement mortar filling between the two layers.

【H】 Ceramic Tile Lined Pipes

Ceramic tile lined pipes have very uniform coating of specially formulated ceramic material that is affixed to the inner of the pipe.

【H】 Rare earth alloy wear-resistant pipe

The material of the rare earth alloy wear-resistant pipe is ZG40CrMnMoNiSiRe, which is also the grade of rare earth alloy steel.

【H】 Tubes Erosion Shields

Tubes Erosion Shields are used to protect boiler tubing from the highly erosive effects of high temperatures and pressures thereby greatly extending tube life.

【H】 ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Tube

The ASTM A213 T91 seamless tubes are primarily used for boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger.